环境说明
当前环境如下：

角色	      主机名	IP地址	      操作系统版本	数据库版本
NBU服务器 	ora19c	10.10.10.150	CentOS7.9x64	Oracle 19C
恢复测试机	oratest	10.10.10.33 	CentOS7.9x64	Oracle 19C

NBU服务端配置
NBU服务端需要配置允许异机恢复，否则会报错。

[root@ora19c:/usr/openv/netbackup/db]# mkdir /usr/openv/netbackup/db/altnames
[root@ora19c:/usr/openv/netbackup/db]# cd /usr/openv/netbackup/db/altnames
[root@ora19c:/usr/openv/netbackup/db/altnames]# touch No.Restrictions
[root@ora19c:/usr/openv/netbackup/db/altnames]# ls
No.Restrictions

添加创建以上No.Restrictions文件，允许异机恢复，不然异机 bplist 搜索时会报错如下：

[root@oratest:~]# cd /usr/openv/netbackup/bin
[root@oratest:/usr/openv/netbackup/bin]# ./bplist -C ora19c -t 4 -R -l /
EXIT STATUS 135: client is not validated to perform the requested operation

正常显示如下：

[root@oratest:/usr/openv/netbackup/bin]# ./bplist -C ora19c -t 4 -R -l /
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 21 20:31 /c-606172501-20241121-03
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 21 20:31 /cntrl_91_1_1185654686
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 21 20:31 /c-606172501-20241121-02
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall      6291456 Nov 21 20:30 /al_89_1_1185654654
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall      8912896 Nov 21 20:30 /al_88_1_1185654629
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     72089600 Nov 21 20:30 /al_87_1_1185654629
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 21 20:30 /c-606172501-20241121-01
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall    320339968 Nov 21 20:28 /bk_85_1_1185654484
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall    583532544 Nov 21 20:28 /bk_84_1_1185654484
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 20 20:29 /c-606172501-20241120-04
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 20 20:28 /cntrl_81_1_1185568130
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 20 20:28 /c-606172501-20241120-03
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall       262144 Nov 20 20:28 /al_79_1_1185568098
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     10223616 Nov 20 20:28 /al_78_1_1185568083
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     20709376 Nov 20 20:28 /al_77_1_1185568083
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 20 20:27 /c-606172501-20241120-02
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall    583532544 Nov 20 20:25 /bk_74_1_1185567928
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall    320339968 Nov 20 20:25 /bk_75_1_1185567929
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 17:36 /c-606172501-20241115-06
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 17:36 /cntrl_66_1_1185125786
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 17:36 /c-606172501-20241115-05
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall       262144 Nov 15 17:35 /al_64_1_1185125754
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall      3145728 Nov 15 17:35 /al_63_1_1185125739
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall      7340032 Nov 15 17:35 /al_62_1_1185125739
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 17:35 /c-606172501-20241115-04
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall    319815680 Nov 15 17:33 /bk_60_1_1185125594
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall    583008256 Nov 15 17:33 /bk_59_1_1185125594
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 15:12 /c-606172501-20241115-03
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 15:12 /cntrl_57_1_1185117151
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 15:12 /c-606172501-20241115-02
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall       524288 Nov 15 15:11 /al_55_1_1185117109
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall      7340032 Nov 15 15:11 /al_54_1_1185117109
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 15:11 /c-606172501-20241115-01
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall    319029248 Nov 15 15:09 /bk_52_1_1185116974
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall    583008256 Nov 15 15:09 /bk_51_1_1185116974

bplist搜索命令：
cd /usr/openv/netbackup/bin
./bplist -C 客户端解析名 -S NBU服务端解析名 -t 4 -R -l /

启动到nomount状态
[oracle@oratest:~]$ export ORACLE_SID=s19c

[oracle@oratest:~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Nov 21 20:28:37 2024
Version 19.3.0.0.0

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount;

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/dbs/inits19c.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area    1073737800 bytes

Fixed Size                     8904776 bytes
Variable Size                276824064 bytes
Database Buffers             780140544 bytes
Redo Buffers                   7868416 bytes

还原spfile
RMAN> run {
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64';
SEND 'NB_ORA_SERV=ora19c,NB_ORA_CLIENT=ora19c';
restore spfile from '/c-606172501-20241120-04';
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
}
2> 3> 4> 5> 6>

allocated channel: ch01
channel ch01: SID=11 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ch01: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 8.1.1 (2018020320)

sent command to channel: ch01

Starting restore at 21-NOV-24

channel ch01: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /c-606172501-20241120-04
channel ch01: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 21-NOV-24

released channel: ch01

注意上面的参数设置：

NB_ORA_SERV指 NBU master Server，本环境为ora19c。

NB_ORA_CLIENT指备份的Oracle数据库的主机名，本环境刚好跟NBU master Server装在一起，所以也为ora19c，要根据实际环境去设置

用spfile启动到nomount
用还原成功的spfile文件，重启启动数据库到nomount状态
idle 2024-11-21 21:27:05> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

--启动前，要先把spfile指定的相关目录提前创建好
[oracle@oratest:~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/s19c/adump
[oracle@oratest:~]$ mkdir -p /u01/arch/S19C/   /oradata/S19C/

--启动到nomount
[oracle@oratest:~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Nov 21 21:33:22 2024
Version 19.3.0.0.0

Connected to an idle instance.

idle 21-NOV-24> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  805303360 bytes
Fixed Size		    8901696 bytes
Variable Size		  289406976 bytes
Database Buffers	  499122176 bytes
Redo Buffers		    7872512 bytes

还原控制文件
[root@oratest:/usr/openv/netbackup/bin]# ./bplist -C ora19c -t 4 -R -l / |  grep -a "cntrl"
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 21 20:31 /cntrl_91_1_1185654686
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 20 20:28 /cntrl_81_1_1185568130
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 17:36 /cntrl_66_1_1185125786
-rw-rw---- oracle    oinstall     12845056 Nov 15 15:12 /cntrl_57_1_1185117151

–还原控制文件
RMAN> RUN 
{
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64';
SEND 'NB_ORA_SERV=ora19c,NB_ORA_CLIENT=ora19c';
restore controlfile from '/cntrl_81_1_1185568130';
RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;
}2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7>

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch01
channel ch01: SID=261 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ch01: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 8.1.1 (2018020320)

sent command to channel: ch01

Starting restore at 21-NOV-24

channel ch01: restoring control file
channel ch01: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
output file name=/oradata/S19C/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/arch/S19C/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 21-NOV-24

released channel: ch01

–还原成功后，启动到mount状态
RMAN> alter database mount;

Statement processed

恢复数据库

–数据路径与原库一样
run{ 
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64';
SEND 'NB_ORA_SERV=ora19c,NB_ORA_CLIENT=ora19c';
set until time "to_date('2024-11-19 21:00:00','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
restore database; 
recover database; 
release channel ch01; 
release channel ch02; 
}

–数据路径与原库不一样
su - oracle
mkdir -p /data/S19C

##数据路径与原库不一样，需要用set newname进行更改
rman target /
run{ 
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so64';
SEND 'NB_ORA_SERV=ora19c,NB_ORA_CLIENT=ora19c';
set newname for datafile 1 to '/data/S19C/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/data/S19C/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/data/S19C/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 7 to '/data/S19C/users01.dbf';
set newname for tempfile 1 to '/data/S19C/temp01.dbf';
set until time "to_date('2024-11-18 21:00:00','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
restore database; 
switch datafile all;
switch tempfile all;
recover database; 
release channel ch01; 
release channel ch02; 
}

打开数据库
–redo logfile如果路径发生变化，需要更改一下
alter database rename file '/oradata/S19C/redo01.log' to '/data/S19C/redo01.log';

alter database rename file '/oradata/S19C/redo02.log' to '/data/S19C/redo02.log';

alter database rename file '/oradata/S19C/redo03.log' to '/data/S19C/redo03.log';

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/data/S19C/redo03.log
/data/S19C/redo02.log
/data/S19C/redo01.log

–由于是不完全恢复，用open resetlogs进行打开

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

--重新创建temporary tablespace
由于rman备份的时候并不备temporary tablespaces，所以恢复完毕后，要重新创建它们。如：

$sqlplus /nolog
sql>conn /as sysdba
sql>alter tablespace temp  add tempfile '/data/oradata/STGD/temp01.dbf' size 128m;

--创建listener.ora和tnsnames.ora文件
为了能让此数据库接受远程访问，则需配置listener。

可以copy一个其他数据库服务器上的

$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora和tnsnames.ora文件到

orarcv的$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/下，并编辑它们，把里面内容更改一下，如LISTENER改为LISTENER1，port=1521改为1526等等。

然后启动listner：

$ lsnrctl start

--创建密码文件
12C 和 11G 不一样

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